The Truth About Licorice Root: Adrenal Support Benefits and Safety Considerations

Living with persistent fatigue, brain fog, and that overwhelming sense of burnout can feel like an endless cycle. For those struggling with adrenal dysfunction, the search for natural support often leads to conflicting information about botanical remedies. Among these, licorice root stands out as both highly praised and controversial—an ancient remedy that modern science is now validating, yet one that requires careful understanding for safe use.

The Science Behind Licorice and Adrenal Function

Licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra) contains a compound called glycyrrhizin that directly impacts how the body processes cortisol, the primary stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Research has revealed that glycyrrhizin works by inhibiting specific enzymes called 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSDs), which normally convert active cortisol into its inactive form, cortisone [1].

This enzyme inhibition mechanism is particularly significant for adrenal function. According to research published in Frontiers in Nutrition, “Glycyrrhizin metabolites inhibit type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD2), which decomposes cortisol into inactive cortisone in the distal nephron” [2]. By preventing this conversion, licorice root essentially allows cortisol to remain active longer in the body.

The Restorative Medicine Institute explains that licorice exemplifies “the definition of an adaptogen, which are herbs with many nonspecific actions on the hormonal regulation, adrenal response, and HPA axis feedback, capable of optimizing tone, response, and circadian rhythms of hormones whether excess or deficient” [5]. This adaptogenic quality makes licorice particularly interesting for those dealing with varying degrees of adrenal dysfunction.

Emerging research also reveals how molecular hydrogen therapy may complement licorice root’s hormonal effects by addressing oxidative stress at the cellular level—a fundamental factor in adrenal dysfunction that botanical approaches alone may not fully address.

Evidence-Based Benefits for Adrenal Health

Clinical research has demonstrated several ways licorice root supports adrenal function. A study published in the European Journal of Endocrinology examined patients with Addison’s disease (severe adrenal insufficiency) and found that “compared with the ordinary treatment, the median AUC for serum cortisol increased with licorice… Licorice increased the median urinary cortisol/cortisone ratio (0.43 vs 0.21, P<0.00001)” [3].

The mechanism behind these benefits relates to cortisol preservation. Research from 1994 confirmed that “glycyrrhizin inhibited 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the kidney and so inhibited the conversion of cortisol to cortisone” [4]. This preservation of active cortisol can translate to improved energy levels and better stress response in individuals with suboptimal adrenal function.

According to the Textbook of Natural Medicine, licorice’s effects are particularly useful in cases of adrenal insufficiency, noting that “these effects can be put to good use in the treatment of Addison’s disease, a severe disease of adrenal insufficiency” [1]. The research also clarifies an important point: licorice works by preserving existing cortisol rather than stimulating new production, which explains why it’s “largely without effect in adrenalectomized animals or in patients with severe adrenocorticoid insufficiency” [1].

Critical Safety Considerations

While licorice root offers documented benefits, understanding its safety profile is essential for responsible use. The World Health Organization’s Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives concluded that “an intake of 100 mg/day (about 2 mg/kg bw per day) would be unlikely to cause adverse effects in the majority of adults” [6], though they noted that “in certain highly susceptible individuals, physiological effects could occur at intakes somewhat below this figure.”

The primary concern with excessive licorice consumption relates to pseudoaldosteronism syndrome. Research indicates that “long-term ingestion of glycyrrhiza in large doses leads to a well-documented pseudoaldosteronism syndrome (i.e., hypertension, hypokalemia, sodium and water retention, low plasma renin activity, and suppressed urine and serum aldosterone levels)” [1]. The threshold for these effects typically occurs at doses between 0.7 and 1.4 g of glycyrrhizin, corresponding to approximately 10 to 14 g of crude herb [1].

The American Heart Association warns that “eaten in large amounts, black licorice can lower the body’s potassium levels – significantly. Potassium is important for heart health, and if levels plummet, it can lead to problems such as abnormal heart rhythms and congestive heart failure” [8]. Additionally, glycyrrhizin can lead to sodium retention, potentially causing elevated blood pressure over time.

Certain populations should exercise particular caution. A study in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that pregnant women with heavy licorice exposure had babies who “were significantly more likely to be born earlier: The odds ratio for being born before 38 weeks’ gestation was 2.5” [7]. This finding suggests pregnant individuals should avoid glycyrrhizin-containing products.

Molecular Hydrogen: The Cellular Support System

While licorice root works on the hormonal level, molecular hydrogen therapy addresses adrenal dysfunction from a different angle—by reducing oxidative stress at the cellular level. The adrenal glands are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage due to their high metabolic activity and constant exposure to stress-induced free radicals.

Research has shown that molecular hydrogen acts as a selective antioxidant, neutralizing harmful hydroxyl radicals without interfering with beneficial cellular signaling. This complementary mechanism means that while licorice root helps preserve cortisol levels, molecular hydrogen supports the cellular health of the adrenal glands themselves, potentially enhancing their long-term function and resilience.

The Lourdes Hydrofix Premium Edition from Holy Hydrogen utilizes advanced Japanese engineering to deliver 99.9995% pure molecular hydrogen, ensuring optimal cellular support without the contaminants found in lower-quality systems. This purity is particularly important when addressing sensitive endocrine tissues like the adrenal glands.

Practical Implementation Guide

For those considering licorice root for adrenal support, several practical considerations can optimize safety and effectiveness:

Forms and Dosing: Licorice root comes in several forms, including whole root extract and deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL). For adrenal support specifically, whole root extract containing glycyrrhizin is necessary, as DGL has the active compound removed. Based on WHO guidelines, staying below 100 mg of glycyrrhizin daily provides a safety margin for most adults [6].

Cycling Protocols: To minimize the risk of side effects, many practitioners recommend cycling licorice root—using it for 4-6 weeks followed by a 2-week break. This approach helps prevent the accumulation effects that can lead to electrolyte imbalances.

Complementary Approaches: Combining licorice root with cellular-level support through molecular hydrogen therapy creates a more comprehensive strategy. While licorice addresses the hormonal aspect, hydrogen therapy supports mitochondrial function and reduces the oxidative stress that contributes to adrenal dysfunction.

Monitoring: Regular blood pressure monitoring and periodic electrolyte testing can help ensure safe use, particularly for those using licorice root for extended periods.

Comparing Licorice Root to Other Adaptogens

Understanding how licorice root differs from other adrenal support herbs helps in making informed choices. While licorice root works to preserve cortisol levels, other adaptogens like ashwagandha have opposite effects. Research published in the Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine found that “the serum cortisol levels were substantially reduced (P=0.0006) in the Ashwagandha group” [9].

This distinction is crucial: licorice root is most appropriate for those with low cortisol or adrenal insufficiency, while ashwagandha may better serve those with elevated stress cortisol. The choice between adaptogens should align with individual hormonal patterns and health goals.

Conclusion

Licorice root represents a scientifically validated option for supporting adrenal function through its unique ability to preserve cortisol levels. Research confirms its effectiveness, particularly in cases of adrenal insufficiency, while also highlighting important safety considerations regarding dosage, duration, and individual contraindications.

The key to successful use lies in understanding both the benefits and risks, implementing appropriate dosing strategies, and recognizing when complementary approaches like molecular hydrogen therapy might enhance overall outcomes. By addressing both the hormonal and cellular aspects of adrenal health, individuals can develop a more comprehensive strategy for recovery and resilience.

For those seeking to explore evidence-based approaches to adrenal health, understanding the synergy between botanical wisdom and modern molecular therapies opens new possibilities for sustainable wellness. Learn more about addressing oxidative stress at the cellular level for lasting adrenal health and discover how pure molecular hydrogen can complement your natural health journey.

Disclaimer: These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Holy Hydrogen does not make any medical claims or give any medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you have existing health conditions or take medications.

References

[1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7348626/
[2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8484325/
[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21896619/
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7949011/
[5] https://restorativemedicine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Glycyrrhiza.1.pdf
[6] https://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/Home/Chemical/4366
[7] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11390327/
[8] https://www.heart.org/en/news/2022/10/28/black-licorice-is-a-candy-that-should-inspire-caution
[9] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3573577/